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John McNulty (journalist)
John Augustine McNulty (1895-1956) was a U.S. journalist and author. John McNulty is a major figure in the development of the genre of literary journalism.
==Contribution to development of genre of literary journalism==
It is the University of Massachusetts Amherst’s Prof. Sims who credits Joseph Mitchell, John McNulty and other short piece writers at Harold Ross’ designedly succoring The New Yorker magazine with evolving an early 20th-century reformer news writer’s practice into a separate literary genre.〔Norman Sims, ''Literary Journalism in the 20th Century'', Northwest University Press, © 1990 Oxford University Press, Chapter 4 “Joseph Mitchell and the New York Nonfiction Writers”, pp 82-108, particularly, pp 83 and 84. In fact, as here noted, editor Norman Sim’s dedicates his own written entire chapter of the text to this theme or to quote him there the “new writers (at the New Yorker), who made enduring contributions to literary journalism: John Hersey, John McNulty, Geoffrey Hellman …”, p. 83. Sim’s also notes there that in this nascent stage, literary journalism was simply referred to popularly as the “New Yorker style”.〕
In his seminal work ''Literary Journalism in the 20th Century'', Norman Sims traces the roots of literary journalism to journalist reformers efforts to make their news reports so poignant as to compel others to undertake corrective social actions.〔See Norman Sims, ''Literary Journalism in the 20th Century'', Northwest University Press, © 1990 Oxford University Press. At its Chapters 2 and 3, this work provides as example for this thesis the early journalistic work of Ernest Hemingway and John Steinbeck. In Steibeck’s example, which is particularly compelling of Prof. Sim’s argument, contributor William Howarth there examples the evolution of Steinbeck’s news reports, which he skewered in text and photograph to advocate for improved treatment of California’s Dust Bowl immigrants, directly to his literary masterpiece, The Grapes of Wrath. In ''Literary Journalism''’s Chapter 3, titled “Journalism and the Grapes of Wrath”, Howarth quotes the writer John Steinbeck as stating “I want to put a tag of shame on the greedy bastards who are responsible for (the migrants ) but I can do it best through newspapers.”〕 The later genre of literary journalism, as stated by Sim’s to have been evolved by McNulty and other short piece writers at the New Yorker magazine, is no longer conflicted between unbiased fact reporting and the enhanced portrayal of social conditions for some form of advocacy〔Even, if the exclusive goal of the advocating, as in McNulty's case, is simply to gain the reader’s recognition of the dignity of the character(s) or socioeconomic class(es) portrayed by the author.〕 but, concentrates upon such latter portrayal, while using actual events as a creative substrate. Literary journalism does, however, still demand accurate fact reporting of its practitioners. McNulty’s words are near unrivaled, at evoking in their readers’ minds, such poignant imagery, and in their readers’ hearts, such concern and affection for his very common characters.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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